African National Congress
Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission

August 1996

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Contents

Executive Summary

ANC Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission

  1. Preface
  2. Introduction
  3. The Historical and International Context

3.1 The prehistory of colonialism, dispossession and segregation
3.2 The history of the ANC to 1960
3.3 Just struggle in the international context
3.4 Apartheid and human rights
3.5 Apartheid human rights violations in an international context

  1. The National Party, Apartheid and the Anatomy of Repression, 1948-1994

4.1 The post-1948 legislative programme of apartheid
4.2 The repressive apartheid security state, 1960-1974
4.3 The institutional violence and social consequences of apartheid
4.4 Judiciary and other forms of repression
4.5 Forced removals and forced incorporation
4.6 Mass repression by the regime in response to mass protests against apartheid
4.7 The height of apartheid repression
4.8 Apartheid and the destabilisation of Southern African countries in the 1980s
4.9 Covert action and state sanctioned gross violations of human rights in the negotiations era of the 1990s

  1. Phases of Struggle and ANC Policy Foundations, 1960-1994

5.1 New forms of struggle after Sharpeville and the banning of opposition groups (1960-1969)
5.2 A changing scenario and new challenges (1969-1979)
5.3 Towards "People's War" and "People's Power" (1979-1990)
5.4 The ANC and internal revolt: The role of the Mass Democratic Movement in the 1980s

  1. Did the ANC Perpetrate any Gross Violations of Human Rights?

6.1 The approach, standards and conduct of the ANC in relation to human rights
6.2 Armed operations and civilian casualties
6.3 Excesses in relation to state agents
6.4 ANC members who died in exile
6.5 The Mass Democratic Movement and excesses in the mass revolt of the 1980s

  1. Conclusion: Reconciliation, Reparations and the Challenges for the Future

7.1 The ANC's own conduct
7.2 An approach to reparations
7.3 Lasting reconciliation

Questions which require the attention of the Commission

Appendices

  1. MK Code of Conduct
  2. Deaths in Exile
  3. Stuart Commission Report - March 1984
  4. Skweyiya Commission Report - 1992