MK 40

The spirit of MK lives on.
Service. Sacrifice. Struggle

The 40th anniversary of the formation of the people’s army, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), is being celebrated on 16 December 2001. Umkhonto we Sizwe, which means Spear of the Nation, was formed in 1961 to carry forward the struggle for freedom and democracy in the face of unrelenting state repression and violence. This anniversary serves as a reminder of the culture of service, sacrifice and struggle which characterised the three-and-a-half decades of MK’s existence.

• Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe - 1961
• Operation Mayibuye - Document found at Rivonia, 11 July 1963
• MK's History - 1961-1990
• 'Capture the Citadel' - Broadcast to South Africa by O R Tambo on the 8th Anniversary of Umkhonto we Sizwe, 16 December 1969
• 'The Green Book' - Report of the Politico-Military Strategy Commission to the ANC National Executive Committee, August 1979
• 'Mobilise Our Black Power' - Statement by O R Tambo to the People of South Africa on the 10th Anniversary of Umkhonto we Sizwe, 16 December 1971
• ANC Signs the Geneva Protocols, 28 November 1980
• Statement by O R Tambo on Signing Declaration of Adherance to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Protocol 1 of 1977, Geneva, 28 November 1980
• Statement by O R Tambo on Death Sentence Passed on Three Members Umkhonto we Sizwe, Luanda, 20 August 1981
• O.R. Tambo interview with Mayibuye, 1 September 1981
• Message by O R Tambo to the People of South Africa on the 20th Anniversary of Umkhonto we Sizwe, 16 December 1981
• Statement by O R Tambo on the Twentieth Anniversary of Umkhonto we Sizwe, 17 December 1981
• Stuart Commission Report, March 1984. Report of the Commission of Enquiry into Recent Developments in the People's Republic of Angola -
• Umkhonto we Sizwe Military Code - June 1985
• 'The Wankie Campaign', by Chris Hani, Dawn: Journal of Umkhonto we Sizwe, Souvenir Issue, 1986
• 'Umkhonto we Sizwe - Born of the People': Statement of the NEC on the 25th Anniversary of the Formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe, 16 December 1986
• Message from the Prime Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi, on the 25th Anniversary of Umkhonto we Sizwe, 16 December 1986
• Armed Struggle and Morogoro - Forward into the 1970s and '80s, London, 1987
• The Revolutionary Army. Discussion Article by Ronnie Kasrils, Secahaba, September 1988
• Resolution on MK Adopted at 48th National Conference, Durban, July 1991
• Skweyiya Commission Report, 1992. Report of the Commission of Enquiry into Complaints by Former ANC Prisoners and Detainees
• MK Statement on the Right-wing Attack on the World Trade Centre, 25 June 1993
• Joint Statement by MK, APLA, TDF and Venda Defence Force, 23 August 1993
• Nelson Mandela's Address to MK Conference, 3 September 1993
• MK / APLA Meeting, 22 September 1993
• ANC-MK Statement on the 32nd Anniversary Celebrations of MK, 13 December 1993
• List of ANC Members who Died in Exile, March 1960-December 1993
• Situation Affecting Integration of Umkhonto we Sizwe into New SANDF, 9 June 1994
• Absence of Some Former MK Cadres from Walmansthal, 2 November 1994
• Second Submisison to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 12 May 1997