YINTONI I-AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS?

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  • I-ANC ngumbutho wesizwe olwela inkululeko. Lo mbutho wasekwa ngo 1912 ukuze umanye abantu abaNtsundu kwaye uphembelele nomzabalazo wenguqu engundoqo yezopolitiko, ezentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho.
  • Kwiminyaka engamashumi alithoba i-ANC ikhokele umzabalazo wokulwa ubuhlanga nengcinezelo, iququzelele intshukumo yenginginya yabantu, yagaya uluntu lwehlabathi, yaze yathabatha umzabalazo wezigalo wokulwa ucalu-calulo (apartheid).
  • I-ANC yankqenkqeza phambili ngokuphumelela idabi lentatho nxaxheba kawonkewonke (ledemokhrasi) kunyulo lwango 1994, apho yanikwa amandla aqinileyo okungenela uthetha-thethwano loMgaqo-siseko omtsha we ntatho nxaxheba kawonkewonke (wedemokhrasi) waseMzantsi Afrika. UMgaqo-siseko omtsha wavunywa ngo 1996.
  • I-ANC yaphinda yonyulwa ngo 1999 ukuba ikhokhele urhulumente welizwe noorhulumente bamaphondo ngamandla athe xhaxhe.
  • Imigaqo ye-ANC iqulungqwa ngamalungu ayo kwaye iinkokeli zayo zisabela iimfuno zamalungu.
  • Ubulungu be-ANC buvuleleke kubo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika abangaphezulu kweminyaka eli 18 ubudala, abamkela imimiselo, imigaqo kunye neenkqubo zayo, akukhathaliseki nokuba ngabaluphina uhlanga, banguwuphina umbala nemvelaphi.

ZIYINTONI IINJONGO ZE-ANC?

  • Injongo ye-ANC engundoqo kukuseka nokuphuhlisa ilizwe elimanyeneyo, lingenabuhlanga, elingakhethiyo phakathi kwendoda nenkosikazi kwakunye nentatho nxaxheba kawonkewonke ekuphuculeni ubomi boluntu jikelele.
  • Oku kuthetha ukukhulula abantu abaNtsundu ngokubanzi ngokukodwa kunye nabantu abamnyama kwidyokhwe yobukhoboka bezopolitiko nobezoqoqosho. Oku kuthetha ukuphakamisa umgangatho wentlalo yabo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika, ngakumbi abangamahlwempu.
  • Umzabalazo wokufezekisa ezi njongo ubizwa ngokuba yiNtshukumo yeLizwe yeDemokhrasi (National Democratic Revolution).

YINTONI EKHOKELA UMGAQO WE-ANC?

UMqulu weNkululeko (Freedom Charter), owavunywa yiNkongolo yaBantu (Congress of the People) ngo 1955, usisiseko se-ANC.

I-Freedom Charter ibhengeza ukuba:

  • Abantu bayakulawula
  • Bonke abantu elizweni bayakubanamalungelo alinganayo
  • Abantu bayakwabelana ngobutyebi belizwe
  • Umhlaba kuyakwabelwana ngawo ngabo bawusebenzayo
  • Bonke abantu bayakulingana phambi komthetho
  • Bonke abantu bayakuxhamla amalungelo oluntu alinganayo
  • Kuyakubakho umsebenzi kunye nokhuseleko
  • Amasango emfundo nenkcubeko ayakuvuleleka
  • Kuyakubakho izindlu, ukhuseleko nokonwaba
  • Kuyakubakho uxolo nobudlelwane

Ngo 1994, i-ANC yavuma iNkqubo yoKwakha Ngokutsha noPhuhliso Lwelizwe, okanye i-Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP), njengesicwangciso esisisiseko somgaqo okhokela i-ANC kwinguqu yoMzantsi Afrika. Iinkqubo eziphambili ze-RDP zezi:

  • ukufezekisa iimfuno zoluntu ezisisiseko
  • ukuphuhlisa uluntu
  • ukwakha ezoqoqosho
  • ukumilisela intathonxaxheba ka-wonkewonke eburhulumenteni nasentlalweni

ZITHETHA NTONI IIMPAWU ZE-ANC?

  • Iflegi ye-ANC yenziwe ngemiqukumbelo edwelileyo elinganayo emnyama, eluhlaza nenombala wegolide. Ubumnyama buluphawu lwabantu baseMzantsi Afrika abathi balwela inkululeko kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Umbala oluhlaza umele umhlaba, owagcina abantu iinkulungwane ngeenkulungwane, nalapho abantu basuswa khona ngoorhulumente bamakolonali (Colonialist) nabo-bandlululo. Umbala wegolide umele izimbiwa kunye nobutyebi obubobantu bonke baseMzantsi Afrika, kodwa obebukade buyinzuzo exhamlwa ligcuntswana lobuhlanga.
     
  • Umgximfizo (logo) unomkhonto kunye nekhaka, zona ezimele iimfazwe zangaphambili ezazisiwa ulawulo lwamakolonali, umzabalazo wezigalo wephiko elalisakuba lelezigalo le-ANC, u Mkhonto we Sizwe, kunye nomzabalazo oqhubekayo we-ANC wokulwa izibonelelo zobuhlanga kunye nengcinezelo yobuhlanga. Ivili lisukela emva kwephulo leNkongolo yaBantu (Congress of the People), eyavuma i-Freedom Charter, kwaye liphawula ukumanyana kwabo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika kumzabalazo wenkululeko. Olu luphawu lwesithethe esomeleleyo se-ANC sokungakhethi ngokobuhlanga. Inqindi elibambe umkhonto limele amandla abantu abamanyeneyo kumzabalazo wenkululeko.
     
  • Isikhahlelo se-ANC esithi "Amandla ngawethu" okanye "Matla ke arona" sithetha 'amandla ebantwini' nto leyo ebonisa imfuno engundoqo ye-Freedom Charter ethi abantu bayakulawula. Le yimbonakaliso ye-ANC yokuzimisela nokuzinikela ekwakheni nasekumiliseleni nzulu intatho nxaxheba kawonkewonke yoluntu ngokubanzi nangokuphangaleleyo kunye nokubandakanyeka okunentshukumo kwabantu kumzabalazo wokuphucula intlalo yabo.

LUYINTONI UXANDUVA LWELUNGU LE-ANC?

Izinto ezixabisekileyo kunye nemimiselo yelungu le-ANC ibandakanya:

  • Ukuzithoba kunye nokuzinikela kokungazicingeli wena wedwa kumzabalazo wentlalo engenabuhlanga, engakhethiyo phakathi kwendoda nenkosikazi kunye ntatho nxaxheba kawonkewonke.
  • Ukuthabatha ingqalelo iimfuno kunye neminqweno yabantu, echaziweyo kwimimiselo ye Batho Pele - abantu kuqala.
  • Ukuzimisela ekuhlonipheni imigaqo yalo mbutho kunye nezigqibo zentlanganisela (Alliance).

Amalungu e-ANC alindeleke ukuba:

  • Abandakanyeke kwisebe le-ANC, ahlawule imirhumo yobulungu kwaye ancedise ekwakheni i-ANC.
  • Athabathe inxaxheba kwiingxoxo, ekuqulungqweni nasekumiselweni komgaqo kunye neenkqubo ze-ANC
  • amkele kwaye akhusele izigqibo zamacandelo alo mbutho
  • akhe ubumbano lwe-ANC kunye nentshukumo yentatho nxaxheba kawonkewonke kwaye anqande ubuqhetseba, ukukhetha ngokuzalana kunye nobuhlakani.
  • alwe ubuhlanga, ubuntshovu-ntshovu bokubeka phambili imvelaphi, ubuntshovu-ntshovu bokubeka phambili ukuba yindoda okanye ukubayinkosikazi, ukunganyamezelani ngokwenkolo yecawe nangokwezopolitiko okanye naluphina uhlobo localu-calulo.
  • athi gqolo ukuzazisa ngezinto eziqhubekayo kwezopolitiko neminye imiba, azakhe ngokwakhe njengenxenye yenkqubo yemfundo engagugelwayo.
  • athi rhoqo ukusondela nokuzibandakanya nabantu kwaye adlale indima enentshukumo kwimibandela yabahlali.
  • abengumzekelo ekuziphatheni kwintlalo yemihla ngemihla, kwaye angasebenzisi izikhundla zawo ukuze abenguhlohlesakhe okanye azityebise yena ngokwakhe okanye azifumanele inzuzo.

NGAWAPHI AMACANDELO E-ANC?

  • Isebe (branch) licandelo elisisiseko le-ANC, apho amalungu athabatha inxaxheba khona kwimisebenzi ye-ANC kunye neengxoxo zezopolitiko. Isebe 'liliso nentsika' ('vanguard') yabahlali, imele iimfuno zabahlali, ivakalisa iminqweno yabo kwaye iqoqonga abahlali ukuze basebenzisane ekuphuhliseni indawo yabo. Isebe ngalinye lonyula i-Komiti yeSigqeba yesebe (Branch Executive Committee) kwiNtlanganiso yoNyaka yamalungu esebe(Annual General Meeting).
     
  • IKomiti yeSigqeba yeNgingqi okanye i-Regional Executive Committee (REC) yonyulwa kwiNkomfa yeNgingqi (Regional Conference) qho kwisithuba seminyaka emibini ngabamelii bamasebe kwingingqi.
     
  • IKomiti yeSigqeba sePhondo okanye i-Provincial Executive Committee) (PEC) yonyulwa kwiNkomfa yePhondo (Provincial Conference) qho kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu ngabameli bamasebe kwiphondo.
     
  • IKomiti yeSigqeba kaZwelonke okanye i-National Executive Committee (NEC), lelona candelo liphezulu le-ANC phakathi kweeNkomfa kwaye inoxandava lokukhokela umbutho. Yonyulwa qho kwiminyaka emihlanu kwinkonfa yeLizwe (National Conference). i NEC yonyula i National Working Committee kwalapha kuyo ukuze yenze umsebenzi wombutho kwimihla ngemihla.
     
  • INkomfa yeLizwe (National Conference), Ieqhubeka qho kwiminyaka emihlanu lelona candelo likhulu lokwenza izigqibo kwi-ANC. Abameli bamasebe babandakanya I 90 pesenti nangaphezulu yabathunywa abane gunya lokonyula iinkokheli (abavotayo) kwi Nkomfa kaZwelonke. Phakathi kweeNfomfa zikaZwelonke kubanjwe i- National General Council ukuze ivavanye inkqubo yombutho.
     
  • Umbutho wamakhosikazi, i-ANC Women's League isebenza njengecandelo elithe qeke ngaphakathi kumbutho we-ANC. Iinjongo zayo kukukhusela nokuqhubela phambili amalungelo amakhosikazi ukuze kunqandwe zonke iintlobo zengcinezelo kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba amakhosikazi adlala indima epheleleyo kubomi bombutho. I-Women's League ivulelekile kuwo wonke amakhosikazi angamalungu e-ANC.
     
  • Umbutho wolutsha, i-ANC Youth League nayo isebenza njengecandelo elithe qeke, kwaye iinjongo zayo kukudibanisa nokukhokela ulutsha ekumelaneni nasekusombululeni iingxaki ezijongene nolutsha, nasekuqinisekiseni ukuba ulutsha lwenza igalelo eligcweleyo nelityebileyo kumsebenzi we-ANC. Ubulungu be-Youth League buvulelekile kubo bonke abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli 14 nama 35.

YINTONI I-TRIPARTITE ALLIANCE (uNxantathu Wembumba)?

I-ANC ikwi-mbimba (alayensi) ne-South African Communist Party (SACP) kunye ne-Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU). Ugxa ngamnye we-mbumba ungumbutho ozimeleyo onomgaqo-siseko wawo, amalungu awo kunye neenkqubo zawo. Le Mbumba okanye i-Alayensi isekelwe ekuzimiseleni okufanayo kwiinjongo zeNtshukumo yeLizwe yeDemokhrasi (National Democratic Revolution) kunye nemfuneko yokuhlanganisa inginginya yoluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika ngokubanzi ekuxhaseni ezi njongo.

IINDAWO OFUMANA KUZO I-ANC

Amasebe e-ANC afumaneka kuzo zonke izixeko, iidolophu neelali eMzantsi Afrika. I-ANC ine-ofisi enkulu kaZwelonke, ii-ofisi ezilithoba zamaphondo kunye nee-ofisi ezingamashumi amahlanu ananye (51) zeengingqi.

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