IYINI I-AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS?

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  • I-ANC yihlangano elwela ukutjhaphuluka kwesitjhaba. Yasungulwa ngonyaka ka 1912 ngomnqopho wokubumbanisa abantu be-Afrika begodu nokuthabalalisa umzabalazo wokuletha itjhuguluko kwezepolotiki, kwezokuhlalisana emiphakathini begodu netjhuguluko kwezomnotho.
  • Iminyaka ematjhumi alithoba I-ANC yadosa phambili umzabalazo wokulwa nebandlululo ngokwebala negandelelo, yahlela imizabalazo yokuphikisa ibandlululo, yamema yakhuthaza nemiphakathi yeentjhabangeentjhaba bona ifake isandla emzabalazweni begodu yangenela nomzabalazo weenkhali ukulwisa ibandlululo.
  • I-ANC yaphumelela ekuletheni idemokhrasi ngokuthumba amakhetho waka 1994, okwathi ngemva kwalapho i-ANC yanikelwa igunya lokuseka umThetho-sisekelo omutjha weSewula Afrika. UmThetho-sisekelo owamukelwa ngokusemthethweni ngonyaka ka 1996.
  • I-ANC yakhethwa godu bona ibe yihlangano ebusako ngenarheni mazombe nezingeni lamaprovinsi ngo 1999.
  • Imithetho-mgomo ye-ANC ibekwa malunga wayo begodu ubudosiphambili behlangano le bufanele buziphendulele emalungeni wayo.
  • Ubulunga be-ANC buvulekele woke umuntu weSewula Afrika oneminyaka yobudala engaphezu ko 18, kungakhethwa buhlanga, kungakhethwa bala namkha ikolo ethile, ikani nje umuntu loyo alandela iimbopho, imithetho-mgomo namahlelo wehlangano le.

IYINI IMINQOPHO YE-ANC?

  • Umnqopho omkhulu we-ANC kukwakha inarha ebumbeneko, lapho kunganabandlululo ngokwebala, ngokobulili, begodu inarha elandela ikambiso yedemokhrasi.
  • Lokhu kutjho ukutjhaphuluka kwamaAfrika begodu nokutjhaphuluka kwabantu abanzima ebukghobeni bezepolotiki nebezomnotho. Lokhu kutjho ukukhuphula izinga lezepilo lawo woke amaSewula Afrika, khulukhulu amaSewula Afrika atlhogako.
  • Umzabalazo wokuletha itjhaphuluko lelo ubizwa bona yi-National Democratic Revolution, okulitjhuguluko elirhabako lokuletha idemokhrasi esitjhabeni.

YINI OKULAWULA UMTHETHO-MGOMO WE-ANC?

I-Freedom Charter (okumtlolo wetjhaphuluko), owamukelwa ngokusemthethweni yiKhongrese yaBantu ngo 1955, soloko ijame njengomtlolo omthetho-mgomo omkhulu we-ANC.

I-Freedom Charter ithi:

  • Abantu bazakubusa
  • Zoke iinqhema zizakuba namalungelo alinganako esitjhabeni
  • Abantu bazakwabelana umnotho wenarha le
  • Ihlabathi le kuzakwabelwana ngayo hlangana nabantu abayiberegago (abayilimako)
  • Boke abantu bayalingana phambi komthetho
  • Boke abantu bazakuba namalungelo wobuntu alinganako
  • Kuzakuvuleka amathuba wemisebenzi begodu nabantu bavikeleke
  • Iminyango yezefundo namasiko izakuvulekela abantu
  • Kuzakwakhiwa izindlu, kube nokuvikeleka nokuhlaliseka
  • Kuzakuba nokuthula nokuzwana

Ngonyaka ka 1994 i-ANC yamukela i-Hlelo loKwakha kabuTjha nokuVuselela (Reconstruction and development Programme - RDP) okusisekelo somthetho-mgomo olawula i-ANC ehlelweni layo lokutjhugulula iSewula Afrika. Amahlelo asemqoka we-RDP ngalandelako:

  • ukuhlangabezana neendingo zabantu ezisemqoka
  • ukuthuthukisa ikghono labantu emisebenzini
  • ukwakha umnotho wenarha
  • ukwenza bona urhulumente nesitjhaba kube ngezilandela ikambiso yedemokhrasi

ATJHO UKUTHINI AMATSHWAYO WE-ANC?

  • Iflarha ye-ANC yenziwe ngemida emithathu elinganako enemibala elandelako: onzima, olihlaza satjani newerhawuda. Umbala onzima ujamele abantu beSewula Afrika abakade bathoma ukulwela itjhaphuluko, iinzukulwani ngeenzukulwani zabo. Umbala ohlaza satjani ujamele ihlabathi ekade ibutha abantu, namkha bebasuswa kiyo ngekani nje, bathumbi babo nombuso webandlululo. Umbala werhawuda wona ujamele imithombo eyenjiwa phasi kufakwa hlangana nayo yoke iminotho yemvelo yeSewula Afrika, okumithombo yabo boke abantu kodwana ebegade isetjenziswa ngendlela eqinisekisa bona lidlanzana labantu bebala elithile kwaphela abazuza kiyobe.
     
  • Itshwayo i-ANC eyaziwa ngalo linomkhonto nesihlangu okujamele ipi yemandulo yokulwa nombuso wabathumbi, ipi yeenkhali ye-ANC yephiko lepi yeenkhali le-ANC, Umkhonto we Sizwe, begodu zijamele nomzabalazo we-ANC osaragela phambili nokulwa nokungalingani ngokwebala negandelelo. Imikhumbulo ibuyela emva ejimeni leKhongrese yaBantu, eyamukela i-Freedom Charter, begodu nejimeni lokuhlanganyela emzabalazweni wokulwela itjhaphuluko kiyo yoke imiphakathi yeSewula Afrika. Leli litshwayo lesiko eliqinileko le-ANC lokungabandlululi ngokwebala. Isandla esibambe umkhonto sijamele amandla wabantu ababumbeneko babambisene emzabalazweni wokulwela itjhaphuluko namathuba alinganako.
     
  • Isiqubulo se-ANC esithi Amandla ngawethu or Matla ke arona sitjho bona 'woke amandla asebantwini', lokhu kugandelela lokho okutjhiwo yi-Freedom Charter lokha nayithi abantu ngibo abazakubusa. Lesi sibopho se-ANC sokwakha nokuqinisa idemokhrasi, begodu nokubandakanya abantu emzabalazweni wokulwela ukwenza ngcono iimpilo zabo.

NGIZIPHI IZINTO EZILINDELEKE ELUNGENI LE-ANC?

Amagugu nemithetho-mgomo yamalunga we-ANC ifaka hlangana okulandelako:

  • ukuzithoba nokuzinikela emzabalazweni wokulwisa ibandlululo ngokobuhlanga, ibandlululo ngokobulili begodu nokulwela idemokhrasi emphakathini,
  • ukulwela intanto neentjisakalo zabantu, ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwemithetho-migomo ye Batho Pele - okutjho bona abantu phambili,
  • ukuzibopha ekufezeni imithetho-mgomo yehlangano neenqunto ezithathwa babantu ngokuhlanganyela.

Ilunga le-ANC kulindeleke bona lenze okulandelako:

  • libe lilunga legatja le-ANC, libhadele imali yobulunga ezakurhelebha ekwakheni i-ANC,
  • lizibandakanye eenkulumiswaneni, ekwakhiweni nekufezakaliseni imithetho-mgomo ye-ANC namahlelo wakhona,
  • lamukele belivikele iinqunto zezakhiwo zehlangano le,
  • lilethe ibumbano ku-ANC nemzabalazweni wetjhaphuluko, lilwe nobukhwabanisi, ukuqatjhana emisebenzini ngobuhlobo, nokwakha iinqhenyana ngaphakathi kwesiqhema,
  • lilwe nebandlululo ngokobuhlanga, ngokobutjhaba, ngokobulili, ngokwekolo, ukungabekezelelani kwezepolotiki begodu namtjhana ngimuphi omunye umhlobo webandlululo,
  • ilunga lifanele lihlale linelwazi malungana namatjhuguluko enzekako kwezepolotiki, begodu lihlale lizithuthukisa ngokwamakghono ngokuhlala lifunda,
  • lifanele lihlale lithintana nabantu begodu lizibandakanye ngokupheleleko emphakathini,
  • libe sibonelo esitjhabeni, lingasebenzisi isikhundla salo ukuzingenisela imali namkha ukuzizuzela okuthile.

NGIZIPHI IZAKHIWO ZE-ANC?

  • Igatja lisisakhiwo esisemqoka se-ANC, lapho amalunga angazibandakanyo khona emisebenzini ye-ANC neenkulumiswaneni zezepolotiki. Igatja 'liyingcenye esemqoka' yomphakathi, ejamele iinrhuluphelo zawo, ekhulumela iimfuneko zawo begodu nekhuthaza bona umphakathi usebenzi ngokubambisana ukwenzela bona uthuthuke. Elinye nelinye igatja likhetha IKomiti eLawulako yeGatja (Branch Executive Committee) emhlanganweni walo waqobe mnyaka.
     
  • I-Komiti eLawula isiFunda (Regional Executive Committee -REC) ikhethwa eKhonfarenseni yesiFunda qobe kuminyaka emibili, ikhethwa bajameli bemagatja esifundeni.
     
  • I-Komiti eLawula iPhrovinsi (Provincial Executive Committee - PEC) ngokurhunyeziweko yona ikhethwa eKhonfarenseni yePhrovinsi ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, ikhethwa bajameli bamagatja kuphrovinsi.
     
  • I-Komiti eLawulako ngeNarheni zombelele (National Executive Committee - NEC) yingcenye ephakeme kokugcina ye-ANC hlangana namaKhonfarense begodu iqalene nomsebenzi wokudosaphambili ihlangano. Ikhethwa njalo qobe kuminyaka emihlanu eKhonfarenseni yaNgenarheni zombelele. I-NEC ikhetha ikomiti esebenza ngenarheni zombelele i-National Working Committee (NWC) ngaphakathi kwayo okuyikomiti eqalene nokwenza umsebenzi waqobe lilanga wehlangano le.
     
  • IKhonfarense yangeNarheni Zombelele (National Conference), ebanjwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, imkhandlu omkhulu othatha iinqunto ku-ANC. Abajameli ababuya emagatjeni benza 90 yamaphesente wamavowudu eKhonfarenseni yangeNarheni Zombelele. Kubanjwa nomhlangano omkhulu hlangana namakhonfarense ahlukeneko ngomnqopho wokutjheja amahlelo afanele ebekhona emkhandlwini lo.
     
  • I-Hlangano yaBomma ye-ANC (ANC Women's League) isebenza ngengomkhandlu ozijameleko ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-ANC. Umnqopho omkhulu wayo kuthuthukisa nokuvikela amalungelo wabomma kiyo yoke imihlobo yegandelelo begodu nokuqinisekisa bona bazibandakanya ngokupheleleko ehlanganweni le. IHlangano yaBomma le ivulekele boke abomma abamalunga we-ANC.
     
  • I-Hlangano yaBatjha ye-ANC (ANC Youth League) nayo isebenza njengomkhandlu ozijameleko ngaphakathi kwe-ANC. Umnqopho wayo omkhulu kubumbanisa nokudosai phambili abantu abatjha ukwenzela bona bakghone ukuqalana nemiraro yabantu abatjha, begodu iqinisekisa nokuthi abantu abatjha bayazibandakanya emisebenzini ye-ANC. Ihlangano le yamukela boke abandu abahlangana neminyaka yobudala eli 14 nema 35.

UKUHLANGANYELA KWEENHLANGANO EZINTATHU

I-ANC ihlanganyela ne-South African Communist Party (SACP) ne-Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU). Enye nenye ihlangano ehlanganyela ne-ANC kweentathu-ezi, ihlala iyihlangano ezijameleko, enomthetho-sisekelo wayo, ubulunga bayo begodu namahlelo wayo. Ukuhlanganyela lokhu kusekwa eminqopheni efanako yokuletha itjhaphuluko elirhabako ledemokhrasi esitjhabeni (National Democratic Revolution), begodu kunqotjhwe ngakho ukuhlanganyela lokhu bona kubunjwaniswe amaSewula Afrika ngenarheni yokana ngokulandela umnqopho ofanako lo.

ITHOLAKALA KUPHI I-ANC

Amagatja we-ANC afanele atholakale kiwo woke amadorobha amakhulu weSewula Afrika, emadorobheni amancani nezabelweni ngokuhlukana kwazo. I-ANC inomtjhade wayo, amaphrovinsi alithoba nama-ofisi wesifunda amanengana.

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